The USA Is situated in the southern part of North America. Their neighbors are Canada, Mexico and Russia. Their area is 9 mil. Sq. Km. And population is nearly 250 million.
In USA live people of all possible origins, that is why is US called pizza. People speak American English, which is simpler than British E.
The climate is various. In Alaska is arctic cold and in Florida subtropical warm.
Mountains are Rocky and Appalachian Ms. The highest mountain is Mount McKinley in Alaska Range.
The largest rivers are Mississippi and Missouri. In USA is Great Lakes Region, but only Lake Michigan belongs all to USA.
There are many national parks in USA: Yellowstone, Grand Canyon, Yosemite, Everglades.
Origin inhabitants were the Indians. In 15th. Century came Christopher Columbus. In 16th. Century was founded English colony Virginia(called after Queen Elizabeth I.). In 17th. C. came Pilgrim Fathers from England on ship Mayflower. First colonies were called New England.
In 18th. Century was war between French and Indians, Britain joined too. Br. spent too much money in this war, that is why British government started to charge new taxes for colonies. The colonists refused pay taxes. In 1773 they threw a cargo of British tee in Boston harbor.
In 1775-1783 was War of Independence, with g. Washington in a head. In 1776[July,4th.] was accepted Declaration of Independence, written by T. Jefferson.
In 17th. Century were brought many Africans to America as a slaves.
In 1861-1865 was Civil War between North[union] and South[confederation]. North wanted finish with slavery.In 1860 was elected A. Lincoln as President and in 1863 issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which gave freedom to all slaves. North was winner in Civil War. In 1865 was Lincoln assassinated.
At the turn of 19th. And 20th. Century were US leading power in world.
After Black Friday in Wall Street started world economic depression.
Industry: manufacturing steel, car, clothing, maining- coal, mercury, gold, iron, metallurgy industry.
Agricultural products: corn, wheat, cotton, tabacco, fruit, vegetables.
They breed: cattle, poultry, fishing.
The head of state is President. US have 50 states with Alaska and Hawaii.
The capital is Washington D.C.
The US flag consists of 2 parts: 1st.- small blue oblong with 50 states symbolizing 50 states
2nd.- oblong with 6 white and 7 red stripes symbolizing 13 British colonies
Political power in USA
Constitution of the USA went into effect in 1789 up to these days[Jefferson, Mandison, Franklin].
Constitution is divided into 3 branches:
1)legislative power
- is made up of elected representatives
- main body is Congress[seat in Capitol] and has 2 parts-
House of Representatives- 435 lawmakers, elected according the population of each state, for 2 years
Senate- 100 members, two from each state, for 6 years
- task of Congress- to make federal law, declare the war
2) executive power
- is represented by the President and 13 executive departments
- president is elected for 4 years, only 2 terms
- G. Bush- republican party, democratic party
Departments- of state, treasury, labour, commerce, energy justice,…
3) judical branch
- is made up of Federal District Courts, at top is The Supreme Court
20. březen 2008
3 924×
524 slov
